Facts about Cows
PREFACE
Assalamualaikum wr.wb
Thank
God we are eliminated to Allah Swt., which has given the abudance of the favors
and grace. And don’t forget, Sholawat and Greetings we have to the Prophet
Muhammad Saw., and to his wife, son, grandchild and his Friends. May we get his
intercourse in Yaumil Mahsyar. Aamiin ya Robbal Alamiin...
As
for is paper, we will explain about the beef or Cows beholds in biology and in
islamic. And we appeared to be if there was a word or material error. We hope
the reader can provide suggestions and criticism that builds that in the future
better. So and thank you.
Medan, 08 Jun 2020
The Author
Aldi Suhendra
CHAPTER 1
A.
THE TEXT
COWS
Cows are livestock members of the Bovidae tribe and
children of the tribe of Bovinae.
Although actually, there are several types of cattle that are wild, but the
definition of cattle is generally known as cattle. The
Bovidae are a family of cloven hoofed animals and are also ruminant animals.
There are around 143 species of Bovidae animals that are still alive and are
usually referred to as Bovids. Cows are thought to originate from Central Asia,
then spread to Europe, Africa and throughout Asia.
Cows are herbivorous animals are also included in the
subfamily Bovidae namely Bovinae. This
subfamily includes various groups spread across 10 genera of medium to large
hoofed animals, including domestic cattle, bison and buffalo. In some places,
species of Bovinae animals are used as a food source, such as a source of meat
and milk.
Cows are raised primarily for the use of milk and meat as human
food. The byproducts such as skin, viscera, horns, and feces are also used for
various human needs. Cows produce about 50% of the
world's meat needs, 95% of milk needs and 85% of cow's skin needs come from the
family of Bovidae, such as bison, buffalo (Bubalus), African buffalo
(Syncherus), and Anoa (Sugeng, 2003). According to Sugeng (2003),
domestication of cattle began around 400 BC.
In some places, cows are also utilized to help human labor such as
plowing the fields, squeezing sugar cane and transporting goods. Cows that have been neutered and
are usually used to plow the fields are called oxen. Because cows are
very useful for humans, they
have become part of human culture since time immemorial.
Taxonomy
Sector
Initially, cows were identified as
three separate species: Bos taurus, Bos indicus (zebu), and Bos extinct
primigenius (aurochs). Over time, scientists experience differences of
opinion. They consider Bos taurus and Bos indicus (both domestic cattle
currently available) to be subspecies in the same species. Some scientists then
argue that aurochs and domestic cattle are still classified as one species. The
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) classifies cattle in Bos taurus
species which consists of three subspecies: Bos taurus primigenius, Bos taurus
taurus, and Bos taurus indicus
Physical
Characteristics
In this case the physical characteristics including the color and
placement of the ears, also vary between breeds of cows. They have good
peripheral vision to be able to detect approaching predators and they can hear
sounds on high notes. The average life span for an average cow is 25 years.
Cows are four-legged mammals with split treads. Most cows have horns. Even so, genetic selection has made cattle without horns spread
everywhere.
As ruminant animals, cows eat and digest plants through
fermentation in their digestive system. Cow's stomach consists of four rooms,
namely rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum. The fermented feed in the rumen
is then regurgitated (returned to the mouth) to be chewed again. This
mastication process is called rumination. For total time in digestion in cattle
can be as much as 100 hours.
Reproduction
Cycle
Reproductive cycle is a series of genital biologic activities that
take place periodically until a new generation of a living creature is born. If
the reproduction cycle of a creature is interrupted, the presence of that
creature in the world is threatened. In general, new reproduction can take
place after the animal reaches puberty or adult sex. This process is regulated
by the nervous system and endocrine glands and the hormones they produce.
Reproductive cycle includes puberty, lust cycle, ovigenesis, fertilization,
pregnancy and birth in female animals, as well as spermatogenesis and
spermatozoa cooking in male animals.
The average length of lust in various livestock is nearly the same,
about 17 days in sheep, 21 in cattle and goats, 22 days in horses and 20 days
in pigs. Long cycle variations occur between individuals. Variations in the
length of the lust cycle are in cows between 17-24 days, in horses between
19-25 days and in goats between 15-35 days.
In addition to natural mating, artificial insemination (IB) is also
done for animal breeding. IB is done by placing semen (sperm) from a male cow
into the uterus of a female cow during estrus. Pregnancy in a cow lasts about 9
months. Sometimes, birth difficulties occur called distokia. In some areas in
Indonesia, newborn calves are called calves. Naturally, calves will suckle for
7-8 months.
Race
Like other animals, cows also consist of various breeds. Among
hundreds of races, friesian-holstein cattle are the
most common cattle breeds found throughout the world, namely in 128 countries.
A race can be formed naturally or human intervention to form a mixed race.
Technologies such as artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization enable
humans to obtain the desired combination of cattle breeds. Embryo transfer in
cows is done by transferring fertilized eggs from cattle with superior
character to other female cows to be cared for in the womb and born. This
method makes certain cattle races can be produced in large numbers in a short
time.
Reproductive
Disorders and Treatment
Reproductive Disorders Common to Cows:
1. Silent Heat (Silent Heat)
Quiet lust or not observed lust is widely reported in beef cattle;
cattle with calm lust have a normal reproductive cycle, but the symptoms of
lust are not visible. Calm lust will cause breeders to not know when the lust
is lust, so it cannot be mated properly.
2. No Lust at All (Anestrus)
No lust at all or anestrus is a condition where there is no
reproductive cycle, no ovulation, so there are no symptoms of lust at all.
Cases of anestrus in dairy cows are fairly common, generally occurring after
breeding. Anestrus in dairy cows due to nutritional deficiencies generally in
the form of decreased ovaria (ovarian hypofunction) can reach 90% and due to
inflammation of the reproductive tract 10%.
Normal
Site on Fetus
The
normal position of a cow fetus (longitudinal anterior)
Type
Of Cattle (Cows)
1.
Limousine
This cow comes from France and is a type of beef cattle
that have the characteristics of this cow is the color of red brown fur, but
around the eyes and feet from the knee down rather brightly colored body size
large and long, good growth. The horns on
males grow outwards and are slightly curved. The body weight of female cows is
650 kg, and males are 850 kg (Sugeng, 2003).
Simmental cows are Bos taurus (Siregar, 1999), originating from the
Simme region in Switzerland but are now developing faster on the European and
American continents, a type of dairy and beef cattle, reddish brown fur (brick
red), on the face and knees down and tail tip.
3. Holstein
Cow
4. Jersey Cow and Many More.
Cow
Confidence in Various Religions
Cows are considered sacred animals in several religions such as
Hinduism, Jainism and Zoroastrianism. The ancient Egyptians, Romans, Greeks and
Israelis also respected this sacred mammal. This animal is considered sacred
because it is useful for humans. The milk is rich in nutrients and the manure
is used as fertilizer. Historically,
cows have been used to cultivate fields. Also, it is said drinking cow's
urine can be good for health, luck and prosperity. As an example :
In the country of India, they consider cattle as a holy creature.
This predominantly Hindu country believes that the cow is a symbol of the
motherland that provides welfare to all living things on this earth. But don't
get me wrong, this cow in India has a special place because it is respected,
not worshiped. Indians still believe in one God "eko narayanan na
dwityo sti kascit". Here are some of the features of cattle in India:
1.
Cows
Have Special Ambulance Like Humans.
2.
Not
allowed to eat beef in India
3.
The
tradition of Cow Manure Throwing
Cases
About Cattle (Cows) in India
§ In
India, cattle are a source of conflict that has killed dozens of people.
Compiled by the rhetoric of anti-Muslim hatred.
One night, July 2018, Rakbar Khan should be able to get home
safely. However, fate said otherwise. On the way, Rakbar, who was carrying two cows along a path in rural
Rajasthan, south of New Delhi, was intercepted by a group of men. Rakbar was then beat repeatedly to
death.
What happened to Rakbar is not an ordinary crime, nor is it
coincidence. In India, this kind of crime is like a cancer cell that undermines
people's sanity. The target is also not arbitrary: Muslim cattle breeders. The
number of crimes as well as victims has increased since the reign of Bharatiya
Janata (BJP), the ultra-nationalist-led-Narendra-Modi party.
The BBC's report titled "Rakbar Khan: Did Cow Vigilantes Lynch
A Muslim Farmer" (2019) mentions that the perpetrators of the Rakbar killings
are often identified as gauze rakshaks, or "cow-protector-gangs".
Members of these gangs consist of hard-line Hindu young people who
believe that the sacred animal of its religion cows must be protected
furiously. They believe the laws that have been signed to protect cattle, such
as the prohibition of slaughter and consumption in 24 states, are not fully
enforced.
Since then they have often been vigilant by hunting farmers mostly Muslims who are believed to take cows
for slaughter and meat. In carrying out the action, the gau rakshaks often use
weapons.
The polemic about cows, as a sacred animal or trade and consumption
commodity, has actually been rooted in the life of Indian society for a long
time. However, polemic became a source of conflict when the BJP won the general
election in 2014 and Modi was elected as prime minister.
In a 104 page report titled Violent Cow Protection in India:
Vigilante Groups Attack Minorities (2019), Human Rights Watch (HRW) explained
that between May 2015 and December 2018 at least 44 people 36 Muslims had been killed by such attacks. Most
cases occur in four regions: Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Jharkhand.
BJP members, in the HRW report, are described as often using
hateful rhetoric that triggers vigilante campaigns against anyone accused of
tarnishing cow status as a sacred animal.
One parliamentary politician in Ramgarh affiliated with the BJP,
for example, revealed that "death is an appropriate punishment if someone
is involved in smuggling and slaughtering cows". He added: "Cow
smuggling is worse-than-terrorism."
"The call to protect cattle, perhaps, is intended to attract
the voice of [Hindu groups]. However, gradually, it has turned into a way for
the masses to attack and kill those who are in the minority, "said the
Director of HRW South Asia, Meenakshi Ganguly. "The Indian government must
stop these attacks, stop protecting the perpetrators, and stop blaming the
victims."
The accusation was immediately denied by BJP. BJP spokesman Nalin Kohli
said his party had nothing to do with violence against cattle ranchers. He
stated the accusations addressed to the BJP were "evil, inaccurate, and
wrong."
The conditions on the ground are exactly the opposite of the
spokesman's claim. In Uttar Pradesh, for example, BJP politicians strongly
enforced the closure of abattoirs. Whereas in Gujarat, the BJP applies a life
sentence for those found slaughtering cows and 10 years in prison to those who
'only' transport cows - to be slaughtered.
The situation gets worse when the police, who are supposed to be
firm and neutral, are easily pressured politically by the BJP. The consequences
are not kidding: many homicides are investigated and the perpetrators are left
free.
The conflict targeting these cattle farmers could not help but
influence their income. In the market, quoting the Financial Times, the demand
for beef dropped dramatically. The attacks also triggered an acute shortage of
meat supply, especially for Indian Muslims who consider beef a affordable source
of protein.
For the past five years, Modi and BJP have liked to sell identity
politics, as did Donald Trump in the US and right-wing leaders in European
countries. Modi's identity perspectives, including the view that cows are
sacred animals, are summarized-in-concept-"Hindutva".
Hindutva is a term coined by writer, poet, and politician named
Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in 1923. In his writing in The Conversation, Sumit
Ganguly, instructor of Indian culture at the University of Indiana, said that
Hindutvaism wanted a Hindu homeland that was free from adherents of other
religions. The birth of Hindutva cannot be separated from the narrative of the
entry of Islam into India.
Health
Benefits of Cows
Cows are animals that produce meat that is needed. Apart from its
good taste, cows have many benefits for human health. Here are some parts of
cows that are beneficial to human health.
Benefits of Cowhide for Health
Cow skin that is processed to be made into crackers, contains
substances that are beneficial to the body, including:
1.
Protein,
Based on research, as an animal product without a mixture, the protein content
contained in skin crackers is 82.91%.
2.
Fat,
the fat content of raw cow skin crackers is generally low at 3.84% per 100 g.
After frying, fat content increases to 20-30 times depending on the ingredients
used and how to fry them (drained or not). Thus, fried skin crackers are a
beneficial source of oil consumption for individuals who need it, but
detrimental to individuals who must limit oil consumption.
3.
Minerals,
Mineral content contained in skin crackers is only 0.04%. This mineral
generally consists of calcium, phosphorus, iron and other minerals derived from
the basic ingredients of the crackers.
4.
Sodium
glutamate or free MSG or NaG, which is contained in skin crackers, is 0.8 g -
5.3 g per 100 g of skin crackers with an average of 3.05 g per 100 g. Glutamate
group as calcium, potassium and sodium salt is a group of food additives (BTM)
that functions as a flavor enhancer or enhances good taste.
Beef's Health Benefits
Contains a variety of nutrients essential for growth of the body
and brain / intelligence of children, serve beef dishes 3-4 times a week. The
nutritional content that is beneficial for humans in cows includes:
Ø Iron
1.
Merah
Red meat (beef) is the richest source of iron.
2.
Besi
Iron in meat is more easily absorbed by the body than iron in vegetables or
processed foods, such as cereals.
3.
Besi
Iron is important for oxygen transport, energy production, and brain
development.
Ø Zinc and Selenium
1.
Red
meat is also a good source of zinc.
2.
Seng
The need for zinc is 50 percent higher for individuals who don't eat meat at
all.
3.
Zinc
and selenium are important for the immune system, growth, and wound healing.
Ø Vitamin Group B
1.
Red
meat contains group B vitamins, including riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid,
vitamin B6, and vitamin B12.
2.
Vitamin
B12 is not found in foods from plants.
3.
Vitamin
Vitamin B12 deficiency is detrimental to neurological function, including
memory and concentration.
Ø Vitamin D
1.
Studies
in the UK show that red meat contains vitamin D.
2.
Vitamin
D is important for bone health.
Ø Omega 3 Fatty Acids
1.
Merah
Red meat is a natural source of omega 3.
2.
Omega
3 is important for the nervous system and heart health.
3.
Red
meat is relatively low in saturated fat and trans fat.
Ø Protein
1.
Red
meat contains high protein.
2.
A
total of 100 grams of raw red meat contains about 20-25 grams of protein.
3.
The
function of proteins is to rebuild damaged cells in the body.
4.
Proteins
also form regulatory substances, such as enzymes and hormones.
Benefits of Cow's Heart for Health
Benefits of Cow's Heart for Health In some people, eating the liver
of livestock is quite recommended, because the liver content of cows does
contain high iron. Iron is an important element in the formation of red blood
cells, therefore good liver consumed by those who have low hemoglobin (Hb)
levels.
The contents of a cow's liver which also contain vitamin A, vitamin
B12, folic acid, vitamin C, phosphorus, zinc, and iron, are good for those who
are recovering from illness, and pregnant women. The liver is also believed to
contain choline which plays an important role in the development of brain
function. Therefore, it is good for toddlers to consume.
Beef liver is very rich in nutrients, especially the retinol
content which reaches 13303 ug / 100 g. Other nutrients that are not less
important are protein 19.7 g, fat 3.2 g, calcium 7 mg, phosphorus 358 mg and
iron 6.6 mg. If you want to be a little creative, with simple processing, beef
can be processed into delicious and healthy dishes.
Consuming the liver also needs to be careful, because the liver is
a toxic organ filtering in the digestive system of the body, therefore
vulnerable to being polluted by chemicals, pesticides, or other poisons. For
this reason, if you want to eat liver of cattle, you must carefully choose. The
liver must be fresh, not gray, and must be washed repeatedly until clean, and
boiled until cooked before processing.
Theorem
about the Cow
The cow is one of the creations of Allah Tabaraka Wa Ta'ala. Both
cows and bulls are animals that are very beneficial to humans. Have we ever
noticed how the cow was created so perfectly?
1.
Q.S An-Nuur: 45 which reads:
Means : “And Allah has created all kinds of animals from water, so
some of these animals walk on their stomachs and some walk on two legs while
others (others) walk on four legs. Allah creates what He wants, in fact Allah
has power over everything”. (Q. An-Nuur: 45)
In the Qu’ran, the mention of a cow / bull is often told in the
story of the prophet Musa As. It is said that when kalamullah Musa praised
Allah on the Mount Sinai, he entrusted the Children of Israel to his brother
Harun 'alaihissalam. After Moses died, the Children of Israel worshiped a
statue of a calf created by Samiri. This story is very complete told in Surah
Al-Baqarah, Al-A'raaf, Thaahaa, Asy-Syu'araa '. Even the naming of Surah
Al-Baqarah (Female Cow) is taken from this story.
Al-Quran
verses about cows / bulls. Check out below.
2. Q. S Al-An’am : 146 :
2. Q. S Al-An’am : 146 :
Means : “And to the Jews, We forbid all animals that are hoofed and
from cows and sheep, We forbid them from the fat of the two animals, besides
the fat which is attached to the backs of both or those in the big belly and
intestine or which is mixed with bones . Thus We made their law due to their
iniquity; and indeed We are the Most True”. (Surat al-An'am: 146)
3. Q. S Al-Baqarah : 67 :
Means : “And (remember), when Moses said to his people:
"Verily, God commanded you to slaughter a female cow." They said:
"Do you want to make us mock?" Musa replied: "I take refuge in
Allah so that I will not be one of those ignorant people." (Surat
al-Baqarah: 67)
4. Q.S
Al-Baqarah : 68 :
Means :They answered: "Ask your Lord for us, so that He
explains to us; what is a female cow." Musa replied: "Verily, God
says that the female cow is a female cow that is not old and not young; halfway
between it; then do what you are commanded". (Surat al-Baqarah: 68)
5. Q.S Al-Baqarah : 69 :
Means : They say: "Ask your Lord for us so that He explains to
us what color it is". Musa replied: "Verily Allah says that the
female cow is a yellow cow, the color of the dark yellow, which is pleasing to
those who see it." (Surat al-Baqarah: 69)
6. Q.S Al-Baqarah : 70 :
Means : “They say: "Ask your Lord for us so that He explains
to us how the nature of the female cow is, because the cow is (still) vague to
us and in fact we are willing, God will get instructions (to get the
cow)." (Surat al-Baqarah: 70)
Those are various verses of the Koran that talk about cows / bulls.
And many more verses explaining about the Cow in the Qur’an. Hopefully this
article will add to our insights into the Book of Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala.
Thank you..
Wassalamualaikum wr.wb
# UINSU Medan 2019
# English Language
# Aldi Suhendra
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